Every heat event the pipeline tracked between 1995-05-01 and 1995-09-30, with how each one grew, peaked and moved. Anomalies are against the 1991–2020 baseline.
Season at a glance
Events tracked
18
Total heat burden
45.08 Mkm²·days
Longest
18days (#4)
Hottest
+19.4°C (#4)
With a heat dome
12of 18 events
A heat dome is the stricter object: a tracked heat event with a closed 500 hPa anticyclone whose influence cap overlies it, after Loikith et al. (2026). Most heatwaves are not domes, so the label is a finding and not a synonym.
ERA5 daily maximum 2 m temperature over land, against the 1991–2020 climatology (p90 in a centred 15-day window). A heatwave cell is Tx above p90 on at least 3 consecutive days.
When the events ran
Overlapping bars are concurrent events in different places, not one event counted twice: each is a separately labelled cluster of contiguous heatwave cells.
How each event evolved
Event #4 — 1995-05-19 → 1995-06-05 18 dayshigh on 8/18 d only
peak 1.61 M km² on 1995-06-02 · max +19.4 °C · mean +8.9 °C · burden 15.17 M km²·d · drift 1648 km (65.2 N 42.3 E → 50.4 N 40.6 E)
Event #5 — 1995-06-08 → 1995-06-19 12 daysheat dome · 11/12 d · Z500 +193 m
peak 857k km² on 1995-06-15 · max +12.5 °C · mean +8.0 °C · burden 5.30 M km²·d · drift 1179 km (63.3 N 39.2 E → 53.1 N 44.8 E)
Event #1 — 1995-05-01 → 1995-05-10 10 daysheat dome · 6/9 d · Z500 +218 m
peak 647k km² on 1995-05-05 · max +11.8 °C · mean +7.8 °C · burden 3.51 M km²·d · drift 833 km (41.2 N -6.2 E → 43.5 N 3.4 E)
Event #3 — 1995-05-18 → 1995-05-27 10 daysno overlying high
peak 739k km² on 1995-05-23 · max +14.0 °C · mean +6.8 °C · burden 3.04 M km²·d · drift 1057 km (42.8 N 44.8 E → 38.8 N 33.3 E)
Event #18 — 1995-08-30 → 1995-09-11 13 dayshigh on 4/13 d only
peak 524k km² on 1995-09-04 · max +12.2 °C · mean +8.3 °C · burden 2.81 M km²·d · drift 295 km (57.5 N 43.0 E → 55.0 N 44.8 E)
Event #15 — 1995-08-08 → 1995-08-23 16 daysheat dome · 13/16 d · Z500 +241 m
peak 212k km² on 1995-08-20 · max +11.3 °C · mean +6.7 °C · burden 2.13 M km²·d · drift 198 km (57.0 N -3.5 E → 55.4 N -2.0 E)
Event #9 — 1995-07-08 → 1995-07-13 6 daysheat dome · 5/6 d · Z500 +184 m
peak 566k km² on 1995-07-10 · max +11.6 °C · mean +7.9 °C · burden 1.97 M km²·d · drift 336 km (50.4 N 10.0 E → 52.5 N 6.5 E)
Event #10 — 1995-07-16 → 1995-07-24 9 daysheat dome · 6/9 d · Z500 +172 m
peak 328k km² on 1995-07-20 · max +13.0 °C · mean +5.7 °C · burden 1.79 M km²·d · drift 214 km (37.7 N -6.4 E → 39.0 N -4.6 E)
Event #12 — 1995-07-25 → 1995-08-07 14 daysheat dome · 8/14 d · Z500 +209 m
peak 214k km² on 1995-07-31 · max +11.4 °C · mean +6.6 °C · burden 1.61 M km²·d · drift 414 km (55.5 N -3.6 E → 51.8 N -4.2 E)
Event #13 — 1995-07-27 → 1995-08-03 8 dayshigh on 4/8 d only
peak 365k km² on 1995-08-01 · max +9.6 °C · mean +6.6 °C · burden 1.33 M km²·d · drift 525 km (63.5 N 19.1 E → 66.0 N 28.6 E)
Event #17 — 1995-08-16 → 1995-08-23 8 daysheat dome · 7/8 d · Z500 +241 m
peak 263k km² on 1995-08-19 · max +10.0 °C · mean +6.5 °C · burden 1.18 M km²·d · drift 980 km (49.0 N -1.7 E → 54.1 N 9.8 E)
Event #16 — 1995-08-15 → 1995-08-24 10 daysheat dome · 7/10 d · Z500 +241 m
peak 208k km² on 1995-08-18 · max +11.3 °C · mean +6.8 °C · burden 1.00 M km²·d · drift 95 km (58.9 N 8.2 E → 59.1 N 9.8 E)
Event #2 — 1995-05-01 → 1995-05-07 7 daysheat dome · 6/6 d · Z500 +218 m
peak 170k km² on 1995-05-04 · max +10.9 °C · mean +7.6 °C · burden 951k km²·d · drift 384 km (55.4 N -2.7 E → 52.1 N -1.3 E)
Event #14 — 1995-07-29 → 1995-08-05 8 daysno overlying high
peak 198k km² on 1995-08-02 · max +11.0 °C · mean +6.9 °C · burden 879k km²·d · drift 297 km (47.8 N -2.6 E → 48.0 N 1.4 E)
Event #6 — 1995-06-22 → 1995-07-01 10 daysheat dome · 8/10 d · Z500 +339 m
peak 176k km² on 1995-06-28 · max +12.9 °C · mean +7.4 °C · burden 848k km²·d · drift 667 km (56.6 N -4.0 E → 50.6 N -4.8 E)
Event #7 — 1995-06-23 → 1995-06-29 7 daysheat dome · 5/7 d · Z500 +339 m
peak 196k km² on 1995-06-25 · max +12.6 °C · mean +7.9 °C · burden 818k km²·d · drift 203 km (60.1 N 8.2 E → 58.3 N 8.1 E)
Event #8 — 1995-06-26 → 1995-07-01 6 daysno overlying high
peak 117k km² on 1995-06-29 · max +9.8 °C · mean +7.2 °C · burden 395k km²·d · drift 371 km (47.4 N -2.6 E → 49.3 N 1.5 E)
Event #11 — 1995-07-19 → 1995-07-23 5 daysheat dome · 4/5 d · Z500 +172 m
peak 106k km² on 1995-07-22 · max +9.8 °C · mean +6.3 °C · burden 345k km²·d · drift 245 km (46.1 N 8.9 E → 44.6 N 6.5 E)
Filled area is the event footprint in km² (left axis); the solid line is the peak anomaly inside it and the dashed line the mean (right axis). The small panel is the centroid path, circles sized by area and the ring marking day one. Drift is the straight-line start-to-end distance, so a dome that wandered and returned reports a small number.