Every heat event the pipeline tracked between 1994-05-01 and 1994-09-30, with how each one grew, peaked and moved. Anomalies are against the 1991–2020 baseline.
Season at a glance
Events tracked
20
Total heat burden
61.73 Mkm²·days
Longest
26days (#19)
Hottest
+14.0°C (#19)
With a heat dome
11of 20 events
A heat dome is the stricter object: a tracked heat event with a closed 500 hPa anticyclone whose influence cap overlies it, after Loikith et al. (2026). Most heatwaves are not domes, so the label is a finding and not a synonym.
ERA5 daily maximum 2 m temperature over land, against the 1991–2020 climatology (p90 in a centred 15-day window). A heatwave cell is Tx above p90 on at least 3 consecutive days.
When the events ran
Overlapping bars are concurrent events in different places, not one event counted twice: each is a separately labelled cluster of contiguous heatwave cells.
How each event evolved
Event #19 — 1994-09-03 → 1994-09-28 26 daysheat dome · 17/26 d · Z500 +230 m
peak 2.20 M km² on 1994-09-14 · max +14.0 °C · mean +8.0 °C · burden 18.62 M km²·d · drift 1866 km (37.1 N 31.5 E → 51.7 N 43.3 E)
Event #13 — 1994-07-21 → 1994-08-04 15 daysheat dome · 10/15 d · Z500 +151 m
peak 1.42 M km² on 1994-07-30 · max +13.0 °C · mean +7.6 °C · burden 9.85 M km²·d · drift 1241 km (53.1 N 6.8 E → 46.5 N 20.8 E)
Event #4 — 1994-05-18 → 1994-06-01 15 daysheat dome · 8/15 d · Z500 +146 m
peak 946k km² on 1994-05-26 · max +10.8 °C · mean +6.3 °C · burden 5.90 M km²·d · drift 554 km (36.7 N 35.8 E → 36.9 N 42.0 E)
Event #11 — 1994-07-10 → 1994-07-17 8 daysheat dome · 6/8 d · Z500 +251 m
peak 881k km² on 1994-07-13 · max +11.0 °C · mean +7.4 °C · burden 4.09 M km²·d · drift 523 km (56.4 N 24.0 E → 52.8 N 29.0 E)
Event #20 — 1994-09-23 → 1994-09-30 8 daysheat dome · 5/8 d · Z500 +195 m
peak 800k km² on 1994-09-27 · max +11.9 °C · mean +6.9 °C · burden 3.70 M km²·d · drift 744 km (45.3 N 16.3 E → 40.4 N 22.4 E)
Event #6 — 1994-06-25 → 1994-07-01 7 daysheat dome · 5/7 d · Z500 +202 m
peak 722k km² on 1994-06-28 · max +11.8 °C · mean +7.5 °C · burden 2.83 M km²·d · drift 1162 km (49.2 N 11.1 E → 44.7 N 25.0 E)
Event #10 — 1994-07-03 → 1994-07-16 14 daysheat dome · 11/14 d · Z500 +251 m
peak 299k km² on 1994-07-13 · max +11.9 °C · mean +7.8 °C · burden 2.16 M km²·d · drift 610 km (61.5 N 6.9 E → 60.4 N 18.0 E)
Event #14 — 1994-07-29 → 1994-08-04 7 daysheat dome · 5/7 d · Z500 +185 m
peak 517k km² on 1994-08-02 · max +12.7 °C · mean +7.6 °C · burden 1.88 M km²·d · drift 1356 km (60.0 N 7.9 E → 68.3 N 28.9 E)
Event #12 — 1994-07-20 → 1994-08-02 14 daysheat dome · 10/14 d · Z500 +151 m
peak 398k km² on 1994-07-26 · max +12.6 °C · mean +7.7 °C · burden 1.86 M km²·d · drift 166 km (57.1 N 14.6 E → 58.4 N 13.1 E)
Event #5 — 1994-05-20 → 1994-06-07 19 daysheat dome · 11/19 d · Z500 +170 m
peak 210k km² on 1994-05-30 · max +13.7 °C · mean +8.2 °C · burden 1.74 M km²·d · drift 771 km (36.2 N 10.0 E → 35.0 N 1.6 E)
Event #9 — 1994-06-30 → 1994-07-06 7 dayshigh on 3/7 d only
peak 425k km² on 1994-07-03 · max +12.5 °C · mean +7.2 °C · burden 1.45 M km²·d · drift 380 km (45.1 N 7.6 E → 45.8 N 12.4 E)
Event #3 — 1994-05-15 → 1994-05-21 7 dayshigh on 3/7 d only
peak 411k km² on 1994-05-17 · max +12.4 °C · mean +7.6 °C · burden 1.35 M km²·d · drift 648 km (44.0 N 20.4 E → 42.2 N 27.9 E)
Event #7 — 1994-06-28 → 1994-07-07 10 dayshigh on 1/10 d only
peak 190k km² on 1994-07-03 · max +13.0 °C · mean +6.3 °C · burden 1.24 M km²·d · drift 485 km (41.1 N -5.6 E → 36.7 N -5.7 E)
Event #1 — 1994-05-01 → 1994-05-06 6 dayshigh on 2/5 d only
peak 333k km² on 1994-05-02 · max +11.8 °C · mean +8.4 °C · burden 1.16 M km²·d · drift 178 km (40.3 N -4.8 E → 38.8 N -5.4 E)
Event #2 — 1994-05-05 → 1994-05-11 7 daysheat dome · 5/7 d · Z500 +216 m
peak 297k km² on 1994-05-09 · max +13.1 °C · mean +9.4 °C · burden 1.06 M km²·d · drift 642 km (66.4 N 25.5 E → 61.2 N 31.3 E)
Event #17 — 1994-08-11 → 1994-08-17 7 dayshigh on 1/7 d only
peak 228k km² on 1994-08-15 · max +8.1 °C · mean +4.3 °C · burden 778k km²·d · drift 431 km (36.9 N 30.4 E → 36.4 N 35.2 E)
Event #16 — 1994-08-08 → 1994-08-18 11 dayshigh on 3/11 d only
peak 115k km² on 1994-08-16 · max +10.3 °C · mean +6.1 °C · burden 686k km²·d · drift 210 km (35.8 N 10.8 E → 35.5 N 8.4 E)
Event #8 — 1994-06-30 → 1994-07-07 8 daysno overlying high
peak 106k km² on 1994-07-04 · max +11.8 °C · mean +6.3 °C · burden 512k km²·d · drift 343 km (35.6 N -0.0 E → 35.2 N -3.8 E)
Event #18 — 1994-08-18 → 1994-08-24 7 dayshigh on 1/7 d only
peak 123k km² on 1994-08-22 · max +9.7 °C · mean +5.4 °C · burden 437k km²·d · drift 774 km (35.3 N -0.3 E → 36.6 N 8.2 E)
Event #15 — 1994-08-05 → 1994-08-09 5 daysno overlying high
peak 130k km² on 1994-08-07 · max +8.6 °C · mean +6.6 °C · burden 407k km²·d · drift 358 km (49.9 N 22.0 E → 49.3 N 26.9 E)
Filled area is the event footprint in km² (left axis); the solid line is the peak anomaly inside it and the dashed line the mean (right axis). The small panel is the centroid path, circles sized by area and the ring marking day one. Drift is the straight-line start-to-end distance, so a dome that wandered and returned reports a small number.